Typewriting machine



F. G. STALLMAN TYPEWRITING MACHINE Aug. 3 1926.

Fild Nov. 8,. 1924 4 Sheets-sheet 1 INVENTQR ATTORNEYS Aug. 3 y

F. G. sTALLMAN 1594573 TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Nov. 8, 1924 4 sheets-sheet a ai F' L(i 'fr' G myENToR ATTORNEYS.

` Aug. 3 1926.

F. G. STALLMAN 1,594,573

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Nv. 8. 1924'- 4 Sheets-Sheet 4,

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Aug. 3, i925.

UNITED STATES FERDINAND e. sTALLMAN, or rr'rrsnunen, PENNSYLVANIA.

TYPEWRITING MACHINE.

Application led November 8, 1924. Serial No. 748,742.

My invention relates particularly to improvements upon'the typewriting machine disclosed in my former Patent 966,114, granted August 9, 19M), in which is employed a rotary or pivote-:l typewheel or segment provided with type, and aV depressi'ble keyboard or similar movable member tor-actuating and controlling the type-wheel or segment to bring the proper characters into position for imprinting on the paper.

rlhe principal objects of my invention are:

First. To provide an exceedingly simple, compact, light and comparatively inexpensive machine of vthis character, which will have the functions andA utilities of a firstclass typewriter and be exceedingly ethcient, though especially adapted to the requirements of literary people, students, and small store keepers.

Second. To provide improved and simplified mechanism for actuating and controlling the typcwheel or segment by the keyboard, such that resisting #force maybe exerted at the proper periods and that the tension of the several strokes will be equal.

Third. To provide improved means for shitting the type-wheel or segment in an axial direction when necessary for shifting from one line or type to another, and to lock the typewheel in proper position for printing.

Fourth. To provide a single rotatable type carrier having the type at one end and shiftable axially to select the proper characters and to actuate the same through the keyboard.

Fifth. To provide simple and efficient ribbonmeciianism, paper feed, cseapemcnt mechanism, and the other instrumentalitiesv necessary for a complete typewriting machine. .Y

Sixth. To provide means for procuring elasticity in the working parts.

Other objects will be apparent from the following detailed description and the appended claims. y n p ln the drawings, Figure 'l is a top plan view ot' a typewriting machine constructed according to my invention with the keyboard depressed to its lowest position;

Figure 2 is an elevation of the right hand side of the machine with the type wheel in printing position; n

Figure 3 is a side elevation of the lett hand side of the machine with parts in section;

Figure 4t is a bottom plan view o' the machine;

Figurel 5 is a detail view of the shield;

Figure 6 is a bottom plan view of the typewheel actuating mechanism with the type-wheel in section;

Figure ,'.7 an end viewk showing the construction o't the typewheel and the platen;

Figure 8 is a detail oi' the slide bar which controls the selection ot' the type;

Figure 9 is a Aplan view cfa portieri or the base showing the shi-tt keys and the spiace key; Figure l0 is a transverse section through the keyboard with. parts in elevation showing the cushion means for the mechanism;

Figure l1 is a cross section through the keyboard; A

Figure l2 is a section through the keyboard with parts omitted; Figure 13 is a top plan view with parts in section ot the paper carriage;

Figure le is an end View of the same;

Figure V15 is a detail view of the clutch with a yielding spring action together with the controlling means 'for bringing the type into printing position;

Figure 16 is a plan view of the `ribbon feeding mechanism. f

The machine comprises a base l which is of suitable size and shape and supports the paper carriage, escapement mechanism,

shift keys and space key. Pivot-.ed thereto A at its lower end is an upright trame 2 comprising a cross bar and two side uprights. Pivoted to these uprights at their ripper ends at 2 is a rearwardlyl extending frame member 3 which carries the type mechanism keyboard and various other instrumentalities as will be hereinafter apparent. Carried by this `frame member is a sliding plate l (see Figure 8), which has extensions 5 trom each side, which extensions are provided with steps 6. These various steps engage the key stems when depressed to stop the rotation oi the type wheel shaft at the proper point for the selection ot the desired character.

Supported in bearing Vbrackets 7 from theunder side of the top member 3 is a typewheel shaft 7 provided with a pinion 8 which meshes with a rack 9 on the under surface. of the plate 4. Mounted'on the shaft 7 is a sleeve 10 having a gear 11 at one end, lugs l2 and a cam flange 16. VThis sleeve is loosely mounted on the shalt, but

when the wheel 11 is turned as hereinafter explained, the shaft is normally turned by means of a resilient `extension 13` connected to the pinion' 8 or itsli'uband carrying a roller at its free end adapted to engage a depression in the Harige 16. A's'pring 14 surrounds the sleeve 10 and is connected .to the lugs 12. It is obvious that when the wheel 11 is turned the engagement of one or the other of the lugs 12 with the flexible member 13 will turn the pinion 8 until the sliding movement of the plate 4 is stopped by the engagement of one of the steps 6 with the depressed key stem. Then, although the memberv 3 continues its downward movement and the rotation of the wheel 11 is continued, the roller 15 will move out of the depression in the flange 16 and the various springconnections will permit the continued revolution of the wheel 11 although the pinion 8 and typewheel shaft 7 are held against rotation. lhen pressure is released the resilient members return the parts to normal position; The actionis the same, no matter in which directionfthe wheel 11 is rotated. Y

Movement is given to the wheel or gear 11 in the following mannei': f

i Supported in the sides of the top frame 3 is a shaft 17 which has at one end outside the frame a pinion 18 Vwhich meshes with a drive rack 19 thatis curved as shown. This rack 19 is carried by an varm 19 which is pivoted to turn about the aXis of the connection of the parts v2 and 3 and has a downward extension 20 adapted to contact, with the top side of the base 1 in order that the rack may move forward and rearward when the top plate and otl'ierparts are `'operated bythe' shift keys as hereinafter set forth. On the shaft 17 is a sleeve 21 whichcan slide longitudinally of the shaft but is mounted to rotate therewith. This sleeve has two gears 22 and 23, either of which can be brought into gear with the wheel 11.

YSupported in a bearing in 'the under face of the top plate 3 is an arm 24 having one end Vdownturned at 25 to be engaged by the Lkeys on the keyboard as hereinafter 'set forth, and at the other end is provided `with a finger 26 engaging with a groove 27 in the sleeve 21. Rocking of the arm 24 will move the sleeve in one direction or the other and bring either gear into engagement with the gear 11. Asthe shaft 17 is always rotated f in the same direction in the down stroke 'of the keyboard or top member V3, VtheI typewh'eel will be rotated vin different. directions depending upon which gearl 22 or 23 is in engagement with the wheel 11. Any de-- s'ired spring arrangement may also be provided to return the arm 24 'to normal positioi'i. y

There are two shift keys 28 and 29 at the side of the machine. The arrangement of these is well shown in Figures 8, 4, 9, 10 and 11. The shift key 28 is used for writing capitals it shifts the typewheel through an offset 30 which engages the bell crank 31 of the. rod, 32 and shifts the typewheel endwise. The shift key 29 is attached to an arm 3,4"extendimg' from the frame 2 toward the front, aiid pressure on this shift key rocks the frame 2 moving the top member 3 and all parts carried thereby toward the rear and thereby positioning la different row` of type. f

Mounted on shaft 7 is a typewheel 33 having three rows of type and sides or flanges 34 and 35. Each fiange isprovided with a long slot 36 that registers with the slot 37 in the bushing 38 in order to attach and detach the typewheel. A slidingshift rod 32 is mounted ir a bearing 39 in the under face of the type member 3, and a collar 40 is positioned near the bearing to limit the amount of shift by the shift key 28 for writing capitals.

The keyboard proper is carried by the top member 8, which maybe termed a keyboard lever, since it acts as a lever and also carries the keyboard, and said keyboard consistsy of two f plates 41 and 42, the bottom plate preferably being adjustable and provided with slots for the passage of the keys.4 Keys y48 are held in position by flat springs 44 located between the plates 41 and 42. The plates can be detached by removing the plate .41 from the frame 3. A spring 45 Yconnect-s t-he two plates and permitsthe plate 42 to yield when the slide bar 4 comes 'against an actuated key stein. Whenever a key is depressed it passes down into position to engage one of the shoulders 6 on the extensions 5 of the slide 4. A depression of the keyboard lever or top frame rotates the shaft 7 until a shoulder ou the slide bar vcomes against the depressed key stem, which then holds the slide bar against further movement. The continued rotation of the shaft 17 and wheel 11 is. permttedas before set forth, and the centering and printing operations follow. It will be noticed that the depression of a key in the, row below the desired key,7 rwill not affect the operation, since the plate will be stopped by` engagement with the stem of any row before it can engage the stem of any key in a lower row.

hel keyboard lever 3 is returned torupper position when pressure thereon is 'released by means of a spring 46 attached to a spiral cam 47 on the rockshaft 17. .A spiral counterbalance spring 48 may also be provided for the keyboard lever.

lVhenever a key is depressed it at first Ypushes 4the arm-plate or langle bar levers 49, o'ne of which is formed with a depending arm 50 on one end, one with a horizontal connecting arm 51, and one with an L- lll() lit) Cfu

shaped arm 52 and connected to an arm 50 by a bar 53, which through the medium of an arm 24 havingl an end 25 and a finger 26, make the connections for shifting the gear sleeve 21 by a series of keys on the left side of the keyboard.

A thin cup-shaped ange 54 is fastened to one end of the sleeve to reduce the amount of shift when it passes over the lug 55 through the slot 56. A spring 57 returns theV gearv sleeve to its normal position,` and. as the fiange rotates it is held from shiftv ing by the lug unt-il the slot 56 comes in line with said lug.

Therefore when any key on the left side of the keyboard is depressed it will engage the on the right side and cause the typewheel to rotate in one direction and the slide 4 to approach the keys of the left side, and when the key has completed the upstroke, the spring 57 will throw the other gear into engagement. ready for the depression of any key on the right side of the key board to rotate the typewheel in the opposite direction.

The springs for supportingr the keys are in the form of thin plates divided by long slots forming flexible lingers that can be depressed .individually and rest on the shoulders of the keys. The edges of angle bar 49 rest against the springs under the shoul der of the key. The angle bar levers are pivoted to rock on the shaft 59 which is either supported in snap bearings 60 or held in place by a spring 61 (see Figure 12).

The carriage comprises an open ended sheet metal member having open bearings 62 in which is mounted a. feed roll 63. An upper guard part 64, whichrac-ts as a shield, overlies bearings for a second feed roll 65 and has guides 66 and lugs 67 in which is hinged the shield piece 68. The paper a is rolled up in the carriage, passes between the feed rolls 63 and 65 under the guard plate and the shield 68, and over the anvil. or platen 69. As shown in Figure 7, this platen is covered with a rubber band 70 and over that a thin tape 71 of hard tough material passes and is coiled in a receptacle 72.A Over the whole is placed a detachable cover plate 73.

The carriage may be moved in any desired manner, as by means of a spring drum 74 connected or geared to the carriage and having rigid therewith an escapement wheel 75, which is alternately engaged by resilient pawls 76 and 78 in the usual manner te allow the wheel a step by stepinovement. The pawls are carried by a lever 79 pivoted at S0 and also having a guard piece 81 overlying the pawls as shown in Figure 9. The outer end 7 9 of yhe lever 79 acts as a space key and is manuallyoperated for spacing` between words. A spring 82 fastened to the lever 79 has an upward extension 83 adapted to be engaged by -a projecting arm 84`of the top plate S to automatically operate the escapement when any type is printed. A spring 82 returns the escapement lever after operation.

@ne of the feed rolls of the carriage has a telescopic. rod 85 with a finger piece 86 by which to turn the same for line spacing, he rod has a circular groove 87 engaging the bearing 4and a pin 8S sliding in a keyway S9 and a loose ring 90. At the oppoite end a notched disc 91 engages a pin 92 to hold the parts against accidental rotation. Vthe carriaoe is guided for the alinement of the writing by an angle bar 93 sliding in a groove 94 in the base 1, and held in place by a plate The bar 93 has a lug 96 which limits the travel of the carriage by coming into engagement with a stop on the base.

Studs 97 are adapted to carry ribbon spools which will have roughened edges 98 for engagement by a. toothed pawl 99 for holding purposes held by a spring 99' and a feeding` pawl 100 for each spool. The bar 101 holds the ribbon spools in place. A LleXible member 102 fits into a pocket of an oscilla-ting lever103 fulcrumed at 104 and has a roller 105 in the path of a cam 106. When the keyboard is depressed, the cam feeds the ribbon 'through the medium of the flexible member 102, moving it the distance of one tooth, the periphery of the spools having very fine teeth which feed the ribbon slowly and-necessitate re-winding only at long intervals. Any desired mechanism other than that shown'can be used for feeding the ribbon. The ribbon passes from one spool around guide 107 through the ribbon guide 107 and round another `guide 107 to the other spool. This mechanism is illustrated in detail in Figure Lugs 10S are employed to stop the movement of the slide bar 4. A latchinember 109 has a hook 110 on its lower end adapted to engage with a side of the base 1 and is carried by a spring 111 fastened to the rack member 19, and this acts to lock the upper member 3 to the base and to cushion the upward movement of the member 3. A latch 112 is also employed to lock the parts against disengagement. Lugs-113 and 114, respectively, hold the rack 20 and keyboard lever against lateral movement.

This application is a substitute for my prior application Serial No. 637,876, filed May 9, 1923, and allowed February 15, 1924, with some slight changes and the additibn of some minor features not illustrated and described in said prior application.

1t will be evident that various modications .ma 1 be made in the embodiment of iny invention illustrated in this application without departing in any way from the 'spirit ef the invention; Certain features may be used without others, or in different relations. I desire it to be understood that the inventionis to.be regarded as limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

vHaving thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

l; In a typewriting machine, a bed plate, a p'ivoted frame rising from one end thereof, and a top plate pivoted to said frame and 'carying vthe type mechanism, operating devices therefor, keyboard and ribbon mechanism. Y

2; In a typewriting machine, a bed plate, a. pivoted frame rising from one end thereet, a top plate pivoted to said frame and carrying the type mechanism, operating devices therefor, keyboard and ribbon mechanism, an escapement mechanism on the bed plate, and means for operating the escapem'ent mechanism by the rocking of the top plate.

3. lIn a typewriting machine, a bed plate, a platen thereon, a movable carriage adacent the platen, a top plate supported from the bed plate for movement about two 'pivots and carrying the type and ribbon mechanism, and means for selecting a given type and impressing it on paper passing over the platen, s'aid means operated by rocking the top plate.

4L. In a typewriting machine, a bed plate, a platen thereon, a top plate pivotally supported from the bed plate to move in two 'directions relatively thereto, a shift key for moving the top plate in one direction, a keyboard on said top plate, means controlled by the keyboard and operated by the mo'veiiie'nt ot the top .plate in the other direction, ltype on said top plate, and connections 'whorebythe two movements of the top plate select the desired type.

A5v. In a typewriting machine, a bed plate, a top plate supported thereby, a keywheel carried by the top plate, means for giving the key wheel variable degrees of rotation, means for moving the key wheel axially independently of the top plate, and means for Vmoving the key wheel and top plate together in the directionof the axis of the key wheel.

6. In a typewriting machine, a bed plate, a top plate pivotally supported thereby, a Vkey wheel carried by the top plate, means whereby the pivotal movement of the top plate gives the wheel variable degrees of rotation, a shift key for moving the key wheel longitudinally with the top plate, and means for moving the key wheel longitudinally independently of the top plate.

7. In a typewriting machine, a bed plate, a standard pivoted thereto, a top plate pivoted to .said standard, a type wheel shaft rotatablymounted in said top plate, a keyboard on said top plate, a sliding plate geared to the type wheel shaft, and means for stopping thev movement of the sliding plate at different positions according to the key depressed.

S. In a typewriting machine, a bed plate,- a standard pivoted' thereto, a top plate pivoted to rsaid standard, a type wheel shaft rotatably mounted in said top plate, a key board on'said top plate, a sliding plate geared to the type wheel shaft, means for stopping the movement of the sliding plate at different positions according to the key depressed, and means whereby the top plate may continue its pivotal movement independently of the point at which vthe rotation of the type wheel :shaft is stopped.

9. In a typewriting machine, a type wheel, a gear for rotating said wheel, a plurality of gee-.rs adapted to be shifted to engage the first named gear to rotate it in opposite di-l rections, and means ifor preventing said shifting movement except when the type wheel is in normal 'position.

l0.' In a typewriting machine, a type wheel, a shaft on which it is mounted for longitudinal movement, means for rotating the type wheel in. either direction, means for moving it longitudinally with the shaft, and means toi' moving `it longitudinally on the shaft.

ll. In a ty'pewriting machine, a base plate, a top plate pivotally carried thereby, a key wheel on said top plate, ribbon mechanism carried by the top plate, escapement mechanism on said "base plate, means whereby the vpivotal movement of the top plate operates kthe escapem'ent, feeds the ribbon, and Vrotates 'the type wheel, andfmea'ns for moving the typewhee'l longitudinally of its axis either with the topplate or independ- 'I ently thereof. Y

12. In va typewriting machine, a base plate, a top plate pivotally `supporti-id thereby, 'a key wheel on said top plate, a shift key for moving the wheel longitudinally with the top plate, and a shift key for moving the Ywheel independently of the top plate and groups of shift keys on the keyboard for reversing ythe rotation vof the type wheel.

13. In va ty'pewriting machine, a type `carrier and a movable key board for varia-bly positioning the said type carrier, said keyboard consisting of plates and spring connections between said plates which act as buffer means for checking the rotation 'of thel `type carrier.

141. The combination, in a typewriting machine, 'of an open spring-barrel or paper- `liolder, and rollers contained in 4open bear- 15. In a typevvriting machine, a type carrier, a movable keyboard member, elastic or buifer means for variably positioning the type carrier, driving' mechanism, and means for locking and unlocking the type carrier to and from the driving mechanism so as to held the buffer means against reaction until after the imprint is made.

16. In typeiviiting machine, a type car rier, a platen or anvil, a magazine containing a supply of tape of smooth hard texture vhich overlies said platen, and means for holding the tape in operative position.

17. In a typewriting machine, a type carrier, a platen or anvil, a rubber band covering the surface of the platen, a hard smooth tape overlying the rubber band, and means fer holding the band and tape in position.

18. In a t-ypewriting machine having a depressible keyboard lever, escapement mechanism comprising an escapement rack, and an escapement lever having paivlsl` to cooperate with said rack, a handle at one side and an extension at the other side, said handle being operated to space Without printing, and said extension being operated by the depressible keyboard lever to space With printinw.

19. In a typevvriting machine, a-depressible key board, independently depressible keys therein, a type Wheel, means whereby depression of certain keys causes the depression of the key board to rotate the type Wheel in one direction and means actuated by other type keys to control said means so that the subsequent depression of the key board will rotate the type Wheel in the other direction.

20. In a typewriting machine, a key board lever, a base, or bed-plate, snap-latching means to attach said keyboard lever to the base, an eccentric handle or pivotal key lever for locking and unlocking the snap-latch.

Q1. In a typewriting machine, a keyboard lever, a base or bedplate, snap-latching means to attach said keyboard lever to the base, and means for locking and unlocking the snap-latch.

22. In a typewriting machine, a keyboard lever, a base or bed-plate, and means for locking the keyboard touthe base, and unlocking` it from the base.

23. In a typetvriting machine, a keyboard lever or frame supporting a typevvheel at its free end, a sto i bar or slide for Contact action in either direction adapted to approach different degrees of distance from a central position along either sid-e of the keyboard to position the type, and by the depression of the entire keyboard to make an impression of the type upon paper or the like.

Q4. In a typeiviit-ing machine, a depressible key board, a type Wheel carrying shaft mounted to swing with said key board, depressible `keys in said key board, means whereby the depression of the key board by different groups of keys rotates the shaft in different directions, meansfor movingV the type Wheel relatively to the key board, and means for moving the type Wheel in the same direction with the key board.

9.5. The combination in a typewriting machine, of a base for same, a reducible carriage having rollersV held together by a spring-barrel, an angle bar or rail as part of the barrel adapted to support one of the rollers containing a slide rod with a circular groove adapted when extended to snap in the bearing to lock it, and the base con taining a groove for the rail to guide the said carriage. Y

26. In a typewriting machine, a typewheel or segment, a type carrier having one end in the form of a hook to drive a typewheel Wit-h a through opening for the entrance of the hook, and having a circular grooved hub for shift connection, and the typewheel thereby adapted for ready attachment and detachment.

27. In a typeWrit-ing machine, operative type mechanism, ribbon spools having knurled flanges, a iexible feed lever, a holding paivl, means by bending the said lever to feed the said spools a fine degree of motion for each successive type to be printed.

28. In a typewriting machine, operative type mechanism, ribbon spools having knurled flanges, a holding pavvl,`a feed lever having` a` roller and being cam operative against the said roller and the said lever adapted to engage the flanges to feed the ribbon line degrees of motion for each successive type to be printed.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

FERDINAND G. S/TALLMAN. 

